Fix for root bone being incorrectly oriented if it wasn't at the identity rotation in the bind pose

umodel, for some reason, exports some models with no bones. For
compatibility and convenience, an armature with no bones may as well not
exist, so we treat it as though it doesn't on export, and a single fake
root bone is added for maximum compatibility.

README.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This Blender addon allows you to import and export meshes and animations to and
 | Blender Version                                              | Addon Version                                                                  | Long Term Support |
 |--------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|
 | 4.0+                                                         | [latest](https://github.com/DarklightGames/io_scene_psk_psa/releases/latest)   | TBD               |
-| [3.4 - 3.6](https://www.blender.org/download/lts/3-6/)       | [5.0.5](https://github.com/DarklightGames/io_scene_psk_psa/releases/tag/5.0.5) | ✅️ June 2025      |
+| [3.4 - 3.6](https://www.blender.org/download/lts/3-6/)       | [5.0.6](https://github.com/DarklightGames/io_scene_psk_psa/releases/tag/5.0.6) | ✅️ June 2025      |
 | [2.93 - 3.3](https://www.blender.org/download/releases/3-3/) | [4.3.0](https://github.com/DarklightGames/io_scene_psk_psa/releases/tag/4.3.0) | ✅️ September 2024 |
 
 Bug fixes will be issued for legacy addon versions that are under [Blender's LTS maintenance period](https://www.blender.org/download/lts/). Once the LTS period has ended, legacy addon versions will no longer be supported by the maintainers of this repository, although we will accept pull requests for bug fixes. 

io_scene_psk_psa/__init__.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from bpy.app.handlers import persistent
 bl_info = {
     'name': 'PSK/PSA Importer/Exporter',
     'author': 'Colin Basnett, Yurii Ti',
-    'version': (6, 1, 2),
+    'version': (6, 2, 0),
     'blender': (4, 0, 0),
     'description': 'PSK/PSA Import/Export (.psk/.psa)',
     'warning': '',
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ if 'bpy' in locals():
     importlib.reload(psk_writer)
     importlib.reload(psk_builder)
     importlib.reload(psk_importer)
+    importlib.reload(psk_properties)
+    importlib.reload(psk_ui)
     importlib.reload(psk_export_properties)
     importlib.reload(psk_export_operators)
     importlib.reload(psk_export_ui)
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ if 'bpy' in locals():
     importlib.reload(psa_reader)
     importlib.reload(psa_writer)
     importlib.reload(psa_builder)
+    importlib.reload(psa_importer)
     importlib.reload(psa_export_properties)
     importlib.reload(psa_export_operators)
     importlib.reload(psa_export_ui)
@@ -50,6 +53,8 @@ else:
     from .psk import writer as psk_writer
     from .psk import builder as psk_builder
     from .psk import importer as psk_importer
+    from .psk import properties as psk_properties
+    from .psk import ui as psk_ui
     from .psk.export import properties as psk_export_properties
     from .psk.export import operators as psk_export_operators
     from .psk.export import ui as psk_export_ui
@@ -72,6 +77,8 @@ import bpy
 from bpy.props import PointerProperty
 
 classes = psx_types.classes +\
+          psk_properties.classes +\
+          psk_ui.classes +\
           psk_import_operators.classes +\
           psk_export_properties.classes +\
           psk_export_operators.classes +\
@@ -107,6 +114,7 @@ def register():
     bpy.types.TOPBAR_MT_file_import.append(psk_import_menu_func)
     bpy.types.TOPBAR_MT_file_export.append(psa_export_menu_func)
     bpy.types.TOPBAR_MT_file_import.append(psa_import_menu_func)
+    bpy.types.Material.psk = PointerProperty(type=psk_properties.PSX_PG_material)
     bpy.types.Scene.psa_import = PointerProperty(type=psa_import_properties.PSA_PG_import)
     bpy.types.Scene.psa_export = PointerProperty(type=psa_export_properties.PSA_PG_export)
     bpy.types.Scene.psk_export = PointerProperty(type=psk_export_properties.PSK_PG_export)
@@ -114,6 +122,7 @@ def register():
 
 
 def unregister():
+    del bpy.types.Material.psk
     del bpy.types.Scene.psa_import
     del bpy.types.Scene.psa_export
     del bpy.types.Scene.psk_export

io_scene_psk_psa/psa/export/operators.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def update_actions_and_timeline_markers(context: Context, armature: Armature):
         if not is_action_for_armature(armature, action):
             continue
 
-        if not action.name.startswith('#'):
+        if action.name != '' and not action.name.startswith('#'):
             for (name, frame_start, frame_end) in get_sequences_from_action(action):
                 item = pg.action_list.add()
                 item.action = action
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def update_actions_and_timeline_markers(context: Context, armature: Armature):
         # Pose markers are not guaranteed to be in frame-order, so make sure that they are.
         pose_markers = sorted(action.pose_markers, key=lambda x: x.frame)
         for pose_marker_index, pose_marker in enumerate(pose_markers):
-            if pose_marker.name.startswith('#'):
+            if pose_marker.name.strip() == '' or pose_marker.name.startswith('#'):
                 continue
             for (name, frame_start, frame_end) in get_sequences_from_action_pose_marker(action, pose_markers, pose_marker, pose_marker_index):
                 item = pg.action_list.add()
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ def update_actions_and_timeline_markers(context: Context, armature: Armature):
     for marker_name in marker_names:
         if marker_name not in sequence_frame_ranges:
             continue
-        if marker_name.startswith('#'):
+        if marker_name.strip() == '' or marker_name.startswith('#'):
             continue
         frame_start, frame_end = sequence_frame_ranges[marker_name]
         sequences = get_sequences_from_name_and_frame_range(marker_name, frame_start, frame_end)
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ def get_animation_data_object(context: Context) -> Object:
     if active_object.type != 'ARMATURE':
         raise RuntimeError('Selected object must be an Armature')
 
-    if pg.should_override_animation_data:
+    if pg.sequence_source != 'ACTIONS' and pg.should_override_animation_data:
         animation_data_object = pg.animation_data_override
     else:
         animation_data_object = active_object

io_scene_psk_psa/psa/importer.py

@@ -153,7 +153,8 @@ def import_psa(context: Context, psa_reader: PsaReader, armature_object: Object,
             import_bone.original_rotation.conjugate()
         else:
             import_bone.original_location = armature_bone.matrix_local.translation.copy()
-            import_bone.original_rotation = armature_bone.matrix_local.to_quaternion()
+            import_bone.original_rotation = armature_bone.matrix_local.to_quaternion().conjugated()
+
         import_bone.post_rotation = import_bone.original_rotation.conjugated()
 
     context.window_manager.progress_begin(0, len(sequences))

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/builder.py

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
 import bmesh
 import bpy
-from bpy.types import Armature
+import numpy as np
+from bpy.types import Armature, Material
 
 from .data import *
+from .properties import triangle_type_and_bit_flags_to_poly_flags
 from ..helpers import *
 
 
 class PskInputObjects(object):
     def __init__(self):
         self.mesh_objects = []
-        self.armature_object = None
+        self.armature_object: Optional[Object] = None
 
 
 class PskBuildOptions(object):
@@ -17,7 +21,7 @@ class PskBuildOptions(object):
         self.bone_filter_mode = 'ALL'
         self.bone_collection_indices: List[int] = []
         self.use_raw_mesh_data = True
-        self.material_names: List[str] = []
+        self.materials: List[Material] = []
         self.should_enforce_bone_name_restrictions = False
 
 
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ def get_psk_input_objects(context) -> PskInputObjects:
 class PskBuildResult(object):
     def __init__(self):
         self.psk = None
-        self.warnings = []
+        self.warnings: List[str] = []
 
 
 def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
@@ -72,9 +76,9 @@ def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
     psk = Psk()
     bones = []
 
-    if armature_object is None:
-        # If the mesh has no armature object, simply assign it a dummy bone at the root to satisfy the requirement
-        # that a PSK file must have at least one bone.
+    if armature_object is None or len(armature_object.data.bones) == 0:
+        # If the mesh has no armature object or no bones, simply assign it a dummy bone at the root to satisfy the
+        # requirement that a PSK file must have at least one bone.
         psk_bone = Psk.Bone()
         psk_bone.name = bytes('root', encoding='windows-1252')
         psk_bone.flags = 0
@@ -135,21 +139,25 @@ def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
             psk.bones.append(psk_bone)
 
     # MATERIALS
-    material_names = options.material_names
-
-    for material_name in material_names:
+    for material in options.materials:
         psk_material = Psk.Material()
         try:
-            psk_material.name = bytes(material_name, encoding='windows-1252')
+            psk_material.name = bytes(material.name, encoding='windows-1252')
         except UnicodeEncodeError:
-            raise RuntimeError(f'Material name "{material_name}" contains characters that cannot be encoded in the Windows-1252 codepage')
+            raise RuntimeError(f'Material name "{material.name}" contains characters that cannot be encoded in the Windows-1252 codepage')
         psk_material.texture_index = len(psk.materials)
+        psk_material.poly_flags = triangle_type_and_bit_flags_to_poly_flags(material.psk.mesh_triangle_type,
+                                                                            material.psk.mesh_triangle_bit_flags)
         psk.materials.append(psk_material)
 
     context.window_manager.progress_begin(0, len(input_objects.mesh_objects))
 
+    material_names = [m.name for m in options.materials]
+
     for object_index, input_mesh_object in enumerate(input_objects.mesh_objects):
 
+        should_flip_normals = False
+
         # MATERIALS
         material_indices = [material_names.index(material_slot.material.name) for material_slot in input_mesh_object.material_slots]
 
@@ -177,8 +185,16 @@ def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
             mesh_object.matrix_world = input_mesh_object.matrix_world
 
             scale = (input_mesh_object.scale.x, input_mesh_object.scale.y, input_mesh_object.scale.z)
-            if any(map(lambda x: x < 0, scale)):
-                result.warnings.append(f'Mesh "{input_mesh_object.name}" has negative scaling which may result in inverted normals.')
+
+            # Negative scaling in Blender results in inverted normals after the scale is applied. However, if the scale
+            # is not applied, the normals will appear unaffected in the viewport. The evaluated mesh data used in the
+            # export will have the scale applied, but this behavior is not obvious to the user.
+            #
+            # In order to have the exporter be as WYSIWYG as possible, we need to check for negative scaling and invert
+            # the normals if necessary. If two axes have negative scaling and the third has positive scaling, the
+            # normals will be correct. We can detect this by checking if the number of negative scaling axes is odd. If
+            # it is, we need to invert the normals of the mesh by swapping the order of the vertices in each face.
+            should_flip_normals = sum(1 for x in scale if x < 0) % 2 == 1
 
             # Copy the vertex groups
             for vertex_group in input_mesh_object.vertex_groups:
@@ -207,11 +223,11 @@ def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
         # Build a list of non-unique wedges.
         wedges = []
         for loop_index, loop in enumerate(mesh_data.loops):
-            wedge = Psk.Wedge()
-            wedge.point_index = loop.vertex_index + vertex_offset
-            wedge.u, wedge.v = uv_layer[loop_index].uv
-            wedge.v = 1.0 - wedge.v
-            wedges.append(wedge)
+            wedges.append(Psk.Wedge(
+                point_index=loop.vertex_index + vertex_offset,
+                u=uv_layer[loop_index].uv[0],
+                v=1.0 - uv_layer[loop_index].uv[1]
+            ))
 
         # Assign material indices to the wedges.
         for triangle in mesh_data.loop_triangles:
@@ -219,8 +235,8 @@ def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
                 wedges[loop_index].material_index = material_indices[triangle.material_index]
 
         # Populate the list of wedges with unique wedges & build a look-up table of loop indices to wedge indices
-        wedge_indices = {}
-        loop_wedge_indices = [-1] * len(mesh_data.loops)
+        wedge_indices = dict()
+        loop_wedge_indices = np.full(len(mesh_data.loops), -1)
         for loop_index, wedge in enumerate(wedges):
             wedge_hash = hash(wedge)
             if wedge_hash in wedge_indices:
@@ -233,6 +249,7 @@ def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
 
         # FACES
         poly_groups, groups = mesh_data.calc_smooth_groups(use_bitflags=True)
+        psk_face_start_index = len(psk.faces)
         for f in mesh_data.loop_triangles:
             face = Psk.Face()
             face.material_index = material_indices[f.material_index]
@@ -242,6 +259,11 @@ def build_psk(context, options: PskBuildOptions) -> PskBuildResult:
             face.smoothing_groups = poly_groups[f.polygon_index]
             psk.faces.append(face)
 
+        if should_flip_normals:
+            # Invert the normals of the faces.
+            for face in psk.faces[psk_face_start_index:]:
+                face.wedge_indices[0], face.wedge_indices[2] = face.wedge_indices[2], face.wedge_indices[0]
+
         # WEIGHTS
         if armature_object is not None:
             armature_data = typing.cast(Armature, armature_object.data)

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/data.py

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ from ..data import *
 
 class Psk(object):
     class Wedge(object):
-        def __init__(self):
-            self.point_index: int = 0
-            self.u: float = 0.0
-            self.v: float = 0.0
-            self.material_index: int = 0
+        def __init__(self, point_index: int, u: float, v: float, material_index: int = 0):
+            self.point_index: int = point_index
+            self.u: float = u
+            self.v: float = v
+            self.material_index = material_index
 
         def __hash__(self):
             return hash(f'{self.point_index}-{self.u}-{self.v}-{self.material_index}')

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/export/operators.py

@@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ def is_bone_filter_mode_item_available(context, identifier):
 def populate_material_list(mesh_objects, material_list):
     material_list.clear()
 
-    material_names = []
+    materials = []
     for mesh_object in mesh_objects:
         for i, material_slot in enumerate(mesh_object.material_slots):
             material = material_slot.material
             # TODO: put this in the poll arg?
             if material is None:
                 raise RuntimeError('Material slot cannot be empty (index ' + str(i) + ')')
-            if material.name not in material_names:
-                material_names.append(material.name)
+            if material not in materials:
+                materials.append(material)
 
-    for index, material_name in enumerate(material_names):
+    for index, material in enumerate(materials):
         m = material_list.add()
-        m.material_name = material_name
+        m.material = material
         m.index = index
 
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class PSK_OT_export(Operator, ExportHelper):
         options.bone_filter_mode = pg.bone_filter_mode
         options.bone_collection_indices = [x.index for x in pg.bone_collection_list if x.is_selected]
         options.use_raw_mesh_data = pg.use_raw_mesh_data
-        options.material_names = [m.material_name for m in pg.material_list]
+        options.materials = [m.material for m in pg.material_list]
         options.should_enforce_bone_name_restrictions = pg.should_enforce_bone_name_restrictions
         
         try:

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/export/properties.py

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-from bpy.props import EnumProperty, CollectionProperty, IntProperty, BoolProperty, StringProperty
-from bpy.types import PropertyGroup
+from bpy.props import EnumProperty, CollectionProperty, IntProperty, BoolProperty, PointerProperty
+from bpy.types import PropertyGroup, Material
 
 from ...types import PSX_PG_bone_collection_list_item
 
 
 class PSK_PG_material_list_item(PropertyGroup):
-    material_name: StringProperty()
+    material: PointerProperty(type=Material)
     index: IntProperty()
 
 

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/export/ui.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from bpy.types import UIList
 class PSK_UL_materials(UIList):
     def draw_item(self, context, layout, data, item, icon, active_data, active_propname, index):
         row = layout.row()
-        row.label(text=str(getattr(item, 'material_name')), icon='MATERIAL')
+        row.prop(item.material, 'name', text='', emboss=False, icon_value=layout.icon(item.material))
 
 
 classes = (

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/importer.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from bpy.types import VertexGroup
 from mathutils import Quaternion, Vector, Matrix
 
 from .data import Psk
+from .properties import poly_flags_to_triangle_type_and_bit_flags
 from ..helpers import rgb_to_srgb, is_bdk_addon_loaded
 
 
@@ -134,6 +135,9 @@ def import_psk(psk: Psk, context, options: PskImportOptions) -> PskImportResult:
                 else:
                     # Just create a blank material.
                     material = bpy.data.materials.new(material_name)
+                    mesh_triangle_type, mesh_triangle_bit_flags = poly_flags_to_triangle_type_and_bit_flags(psk_material.poly_flags)
+                    material.psk.mesh_triangle_type = mesh_triangle_type
+                    material.psk.mesh_triangle_bit_flags = mesh_triangle_bit_flags
                     material.use_nodes = True
                 mesh_data.materials.append(material)
 
@@ -166,38 +170,38 @@ def import_psk(psk: Psk, context, options: PskImportOptions) -> PskImportResult:
         bm.to_mesh(mesh_data)
 
         # TEXTURE COORDINATES
-        data_index = 0
+        uv_layer_data_index = 0
         uv_layer = mesh_data.uv_layers.new(name='VTXW0000')
         for face_index, face in enumerate(psk.faces):
             if face_index in invalid_face_indices:
                 continue
             face_wedges = [psk.wedges[i] for i in reversed(face.wedge_indices)]
             for wedge in face_wedges:
-                uv_layer.data[data_index].uv = wedge.u, 1.0 - wedge.v
-                data_index += 1
+                uv_layer.data[uv_layer_data_index].uv = wedge.u, 1.0 - wedge.v
+                uv_layer_data_index += 1
 
         # EXTRA UVS
         if psk.has_extra_uvs and options.should_import_extra_uvs:
             extra_uv_channel_count = int(len(psk.extra_uvs) / len(psk.wedges))
             wedge_index_offset = 0
             for extra_uv_index in range(extra_uv_channel_count):
-                data_index = 0
+                uv_layer_data_index = 0
                 uv_layer = mesh_data.uv_layers.new(name=f'EXTRAUV{extra_uv_index}')
                 for face_index, face in enumerate(psk.faces):
                     if face_index in invalid_face_indices:
                         continue
                     for wedge_index in reversed(face.wedge_indices):
                         u, v = psk.extra_uvs[wedge_index_offset + wedge_index]
-                        uv_layer.data[data_index].uv = u, 1.0 - v
-                        data_index += 1
+                        uv_layer.data[uv_layer_data_index].uv = u, 1.0 - v
+                        uv_layer_data_index += 1
                 wedge_index_offset += len(psk.wedges)
 
         # VERTEX COLORS
         if psk.has_vertex_colors and options.should_import_vertex_colors:
             # Convert vertex colors to sRGB if necessary.
             psk_vertex_colors = np.zeros((len(psk.vertex_colors), 4))
-            for i in range(len(psk.vertex_colors)):
-                psk_vertex_colors[i,:] = psk.vertex_colors[i].normalized()
+            for vertex_color_index in range(len(psk.vertex_colors)):
+                psk_vertex_colors[vertex_color_index,:] = psk.vertex_colors[vertex_color_index].normalized()
             match options.vertex_color_space:
                 case 'SRGBA':
                     for i in range(psk_vertex_colors.shape[0]):

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/properties.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from bpy.props import EnumProperty
+from bpy.types import PropertyGroup
+
+mesh_triangle_types_items = (
+    ('NORMAL', 'Normal', 'Normal one-sided', 0),
+    ('NORMAL_TWO_SIDED', 'Normal Two-Sided', 'Normal but two-sided', 1),
+    ('TRANSLUCENT', 'Translucent', 'Translucent two-sided', 2),
+    ('MASKED', 'Masked', 'Masked two-sided', 3),
+    ('MODULATE', 'Modulate', 'Modulation blended two-sided', 4),
+    ('PLACEHOLDER', 'Placeholder', 'Placeholder triangle for positioning weapon. Invisible', 8),
+)
+
+mesh_triangle_bit_flags_items = (
+    ('UNLIT', 'Unlit', 'Full brightness, no lighting', 16),
+    ('FLAT', 'Flat', 'Flat surface, don\'t do bMeshCurvy thing', 32),
+    ('ENVIRONMENT', 'Environment', 'Environment mapped', 64),
+    ('NO_SMOOTH', 'No Smooth', 'No bilinear filtering on this poly\'s texture', 128),
+)
+
+class PSX_PG_material(PropertyGroup):
+    mesh_triangle_type: EnumProperty(items=mesh_triangle_types_items, name='Triangle Type')
+    mesh_triangle_bit_flags: EnumProperty(items=mesh_triangle_bit_flags_items, name='Triangle Bit Flags',
+                                          options={'ENUM_FLAG'})
+
+mesh_triangle_types_items_dict = {item[0]: item[3] for item in mesh_triangle_types_items}
+mesh_triangle_bit_flags_items_dict = {item[0]: item[3] for item in mesh_triangle_bit_flags_items}
+
+
+def triangle_type_and_bit_flags_to_poly_flags(mesh_triangle_type: str, mesh_triangle_bit_flags: set[str]) -> int:
+    poly_flags = 0
+    poly_flags |= mesh_triangle_types_items_dict.get(mesh_triangle_type, 0)
+    for flag in mesh_triangle_bit_flags:
+        poly_flags |= mesh_triangle_bit_flags_items_dict.get(flag, 0)
+    return poly_flags
+
+
+def poly_flags_to_triangle_type_and_bit_flags(poly_flags: int) -> (str, set[str]):
+    try:
+        triangle_type = next(item[0] for item in mesh_triangle_types_items if item[3] == (poly_flags & 15))
+    except StopIteration:
+        triangle_type = 'NORMAL'
+    triangle_bit_flags = {item[0] for item in mesh_triangle_bit_flags_items if item[3] & poly_flags}
+    return triangle_type, triangle_bit_flags
+
+
+classes = (
+    PSX_PG_material,
+)

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/ui.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+from bpy.types import Panel
+
+
+class PSK_PT_material(Panel):
+    bl_label = 'PSK Material'
+    bl_idname = 'PSK_PT_material'
+    bl_space_type = 'PROPERTIES'
+    bl_region_type = 'WINDOW'
+    bl_context = 'material'
+    bl_options = {'DEFAULT_CLOSED'}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def poll(cls, context):
+        return context.material is not None
+
+    def draw(self, context):
+        layout = self.layout
+        layout.use_property_split = True
+        layout.use_property_decorate = False
+        material = context.material
+        layout.prop(material.psk, 'mesh_triangle_type')
+        col = layout.column()
+        col.prop(material.psk, 'mesh_triangle_bit_flags', expand=True, text='Flags')
+
+
+classes = (
+    PSK_PT_material,
+)

io_scene_psk_psa/psk/writer.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from ..data import Section, Vector3
 
 MAX_WEDGE_COUNT = 65536
 MAX_POINT_COUNT = 4294967296
-MAX_BONE_COUNT = 256
+MAX_BONE_COUNT = 2147483647
 MAX_MATERIAL_COUNT = 256
 
 

io_scene_psk_psa/types.py

@@ -51,5 +51,5 @@ classes = (
     PSX_PG_action_export,
     PSX_PG_bone_collection_list_item,
     PSX_UL_bone_collection_list,
-    PSX_PT_action
+    PSX_PT_action,
 )